Settled agriculturalists used their labor and tools to grow food on a fixed plot of land for multiple growing seasons. True
Though the characters have different names in different cultures, all creation narratives explain that modern humans were created by a single, powerful God. False
As human communities developed, they made the active choice between settled agriculture and pastoralism based primarily on their beliefs and values. False
Which hominid developed first? Australopithecines
When the cave paintings at Chauvet, France, were created 30,000 years ago, what was the approximate global population of Homo sapiens? 300,000 individuals
How could one use the hand axe and cave painting to argue, as the text does, that Homo sapiens developed culture? The painting of the bison suggests beliefs about the relationship between bison, humans, and the world. The hand axe is primarily practical.
The following items all address developments from 200,000 to 12,000 years ago. Put them in order from oldest to most recent.
1. Homo sapiens emerged in Africa
2. Homo sapiens migrated out of Africa and developed a complex spoken language
3. Homo neanderthalis died out
4. Almost all bipedal hominid cousins of Homo sapiens were extinct
5. Homo sapiens began migrating to North America
6. Homo sapiens began developing agriculture
1. Homo sapiens emerged in Africa
2. Homo sapiens migrated out of Africa and developed a complex spoken language
3. Homo neanderthalis died out
4. Almost all bipedal hominid cousins of Homo sapiens were extinct
5. Homo sapiens began migrating to North America
6. Homo sapiens began developing agriculture
Southwest Asia: People in this region were the earliest domesticators of plants, and they also domesticated goats, sheep, pigs, cattle, and camels.
East Asia: People domesticated rice and millet in the extensive fertile river valleys of this region.
Saharan Africa: People of this region domesticated sorghum, but environmental change forced them to migrate to new regions, bringing their agricultural ideas with them.
Mesoamerica: People in this region developed maize (corn), and used it in combination with beans and potatoes to provide both a balanced diet and sustainably productive soils.
Modern (non-extinct) hominids: Orangutans, Homo sapiens, Chimpanzees
Agricultural developments in chronological order, from oldest to most recent.
1. People in Southwest Asia were actively cultivating barley and wheat
2. The inhabitants of Mesoamerica began the 5,000-year long process of developing large ears of maize
3. People in the Yangtze River valley began cultivating rice
4. The inhabitants of southeastern Europe began shifting from hunter-gatherer lifestyles to agricultural food production
5. The expansion of the Sahara Desert caused inhabitants to migrate south and east, dispersing agricultural knowledge in Africa.
1. People in Southwest Asia were actively cultivating barley and wheat
2. The inhabitants of Mesoamerica began the 5,000-year long process of developing large ears of maize
3. People in the Yangtze River valley began cultivating rice
4. The inhabitants of southeastern Europe began shifting from hunter-gatherer lifestyles to agricultural food production
5. The expansion of the Sahara Desert caused inhabitants to migrate south and east, dispersing agricultural knowledge in Africa.
Which of these characteristics differentiated modern humans from all other hominids?
– The capacity for complex language
– The production of elaborate artwork in caves and fashioning of musical instruments
– The capacity for complex language
– The production of elaborate artwork in caves and fashioning of musical instruments
Even though different regions domesticated different plants and animals, the agricultural revolutions that occurred across the world had much in common.
– Increased food supply led to population growth and the development of more complex societies
– Agriculture and pastoralism existed side by side with hunting and gathering for thousands of years
– Climate change facilitated the beginnings of agriculture in multiple places and later caused migration, speeding knowledge of agriculture and new crops.
– Increased food supply led to population growth and the development of more complex societies
– Agriculture and pastoralism existed side by side with hunting and gathering for thousands of years
– Climate change facilitated the beginnings of agriculture in multiple places and later caused migration, speeding knowledge of agriculture and new crops.
Indo-Hittite was the language group of Homo neanderthalis, while Miao-Yao was most likely the language spoken by Peking Man. False
The following events in chronological order from the oldest to most recent:
1. The fourth great ice age began
2. Hominids began walking upright
3. Peking man (a Homo erectus) lived in China
4. All 10,000 Homo sapiens adults still lived in Africa
5. The fourth great ice age ended
1. The fourth great ice age began
2. Hominids began walking upright
3. Peking man (a Homo erectus) lived in China
4. All 10,000 Homo sapiens adults still lived in Africa
5. The fourth great ice age ended
Scientists argue that, through natural selection, biological evolution results in progress to better, higher forms of life. False
Based on the maps and the chapter text, how were early agriculture and the domestication of animals related to geography?
Some geographic regions developed a greater variety of domesticated plants and animals than others because they contained more wild resources than others.
Some geographic regions developed a greater variety of domesticated plants and animals than others because they contained more wild resources than others.
Which of the following statements might accurately describe the life of a pre-agricultural Homo sapiens woman?
– She might have worn stitched garments
– She would have spent about 3 hours each day foraging for berries, nuts, fruits, and grains which probably made up the majority of her community’s food resources
– She was probably a part of a community of women who communally shared child-bearing responsibilities known as all mothering
– She might have crossed the Beringia land bridge from Asia to North America as her community followed big game animals like mammoths.
– She might have worn stitched garments
– She would have spent about 3 hours each day foraging for berries, nuts, fruits, and grains which probably made up the majority of her community’s food resources
– She was probably a part of a community of women who communally shared child-bearing responsibilities known as all mothering
– She might have crossed the Beringia land bridge from Asia to North America as her community followed big game animals like mammoths.
The chapter text notes that more than 50,000 works of cave art have been discovered in different locations around the world. Which statement best explains scholars’ conclusions about these artworks?
The art was probably not for decorative purposes; the drawings have to be viewed with artificial light and there is no evidence that caves were homes.
The art was probably not for decorative purposes; the drawings have to be viewed with artificial light and there is no evidence that caves were homes.
How do transhumant herders differ from nomadic pastoralists?
Transhumant herders graze their animals near their family farms. Nomadic pastoralists are not closely connected to agricultural settlements and move across vast grasslands.
Transhumant herders graze their animals near their family farms. Nomadic pastoralists are not closely connected to agricultural settlements and move across vast grasslands.
The physical development of hominids influenced their emerging cultures. Which of the following causal statements are true?
– As the size of the hominid brains increased, natural selection favored babies that were born earlier with smaller heads. This altered family dynamics so that hominids beginning with Homo erectus devoted years to childcare.
– As the size of the hominid brains increased, Homo erectus were able to learn, remember, and teach their young how to use fire to cook food.
– As the size of the hominid brains increased, Homo sapiens developed the cognitive ability to connect sounds to ideas: complex speech. This ability was the foundation of both art and spiritual ideas.
– As the size of the hominid brains increased, natural selection favored babies that were born earlier with smaller heads. This altered family dynamics so that hominids beginning with Homo erectus devoted years to childcare.
– As the size of the hominid brains increased, Homo erectus were able to learn, remember, and teach their young how to use fire to cook food.
– As the size of the hominid brains increased, Homo sapiens developed the cognitive ability to connect sounds to ideas: complex speech. This ability was the foundation of both art and spiritual ideas.
| Question/Statement | Answer |
|---|
| Settled agriculturalists used their labor and tools to grow food on a fixed plot of land for multiple growing seasons | True |
| Though the characters have different names in different cultures, all creation narratives explain that modern humans were created by a single, powerful God. | False |
| As human communities developed, they made the active choice between settled agriculture and pastoralism based primarily on their beliefs and values. | False |
| Which hominid developed first? | Australopithecines |
| When the cave paintings at Chauvet, France, were created 30,000 years ago, what was the approximate global population of Homo sapiens? | 300,000 individuals |
| How could one use the hand axe and cave painting to argue, as the text does, that Homo sapiens developed culture? | The painting of the bison suggests beliefs about the relationship between bison, humans, and the world. The hand axe is primarily practical. |
| The following items all address developments from 200,000 to 12,000 years ago. Put them in order from oldest to most recent. | 1- Homo sapiens emerged in Africa 2- Homo sapiens migrated out of Africa and developed a complex spoken language 3- Homo neanderthalis died out 4- Almost all bipedal hominid cousins of Homo sapiens were extinct 5- Homo sapiens began migrating to North America 6- Homo sapiens began developing agriculture |
| South West Asia | People in this region were the earliest domesticators of plants, and they also domesticated goats, sheep, pigs, cattle, and camels. |
| East Asia | People domesticated rice and millet in the extensive fertile river valleys of this region. |
| Saharan Africa | People of this region domesticated sorghum, but environmental change forced them to migrate to new regions, bringing their agricultural ideas with them. |
| Mesoamerica | People in this region developed maize (corn), and used it in combination with beans and potatoes to provide a balanced diet and sustainably productive soils. |
| Modern (non-extinct) hominids | – Orangutans – Homo sapiens – Chimpanzees |
| Agricultural developments in chronological order, from oldest to most recent | 1- People in Southwest Asia were actively cultivating barley and wheat 2- The inhabitants of Mesoamerica began the 5,000-year process of developing large ears of maize 3- People in the Yangtze River valley began cultivating rice 4- The inhabitants of southeastern Europe began shifting from hunter-gatherer lifestyles to agricultural food production 5- The expansion of the Sahara Desert caused inhabitants to migrate south and east, dispersing agricultural knowledge in Africa |
| Which of these characteristics differentiated modern humans from all other hominids? | – The capacity for complex language – The production of elaborate artwork in caves and fashioning of musical instruments |
| Even though different regions domesticated different plants and animals, the agricultural revolutions that occurred across the world had much in common. What were these commonalities? | – Increased food supply led to population growth and the development of more complex societies – Agriculture and pastoralism existed side by side with hunting and gathering for thousands of years – Climate change facilitated the beginnings of agriculture in multiple places and later caused migration, speeding knowledge of agriculture and new crops |
| Indo-Hittite was the language group of Homo neanderthalis, while Miao-Yao was most likely the language spoken by Peking Man. | False |
| The following events in chronological order from the oldest to most recent. | 1- The fourth great ice age began 2- Hominids began walking upright 3- Peking man (a Homo erectus) lived in China 4- All 10,000 Homo sapien adults still lived in Africa 5- The fourth great ice age ended |
| Scientists argue that, through natural selection, biological evolution results in progress to better, higher forms of life. | False |
| Based on the maps and the chapter text, how were early agriculture and the domestication of animals related to geography? | Some geographic regions developed a greater variety of domesticated plants and animals than others because they contained more wild resources than others. |
| Which of the following statements might accurately describe the life of a pre-agricultural Homo sapiens woman? | – She might have worn stitched garments – She would have spent about 3 hours each day foraging for berries, nuts, fruits, and grains which probably made up the majority of her community’s food resources – She was probably a part of a community of women who communally shared child-bearing responsibilities known as all mothering – She might have crossed the Beringia land bridge from Asia to North America as her community followed big game animals like mammoths |
| The chapter text notes that more than 50,000 works of cave art have been discovered in different locations around the world. Which statement best explains scholars’ conclusions about these artworks? | The art was probably not for decorative purposes; the drawings have to be viewed with artificial light and there is no evidence that caves were homes. |
| How do transhumant herders differ from nomadic pastoralists? | Transhumant herders graze their animals near their family farms. Nomadic pastoralists are not closely connected to agricultural settlements and move across vast grasslands. |
| The physical development of hominids influenced their emerging cultures. Which of the following causal statements are true? | – As the size of the hominid brains increased, natural selection favored babies that were born earlier with smaller heads. This altered family dynamics so that hominids beginning with Homo Erectus devoted years to childcare. – As the size of the hominid brains increased, Homo Erectus were able to learn, remember, and teach their young how to use fire to cook food. – As the size of the hominid brains increased, Homo sapiens developed the cognitive ability to connect sounds to ideas: complex speech. This ability was the foundation of both art and spiritual ideas. |
| Put the following items in order | 1- Hominids brains began to significantly increase in size 2- Hominids like Homo Habilis began making tools 3- Homo Erectus migrated to Asia 4- Hominids used fire to cook food 5- Hominids developed a complex spoken language |
| None of the dense hunter-gatherer settlements were located far from bodies of water, strongly suggesting that bodies of water were important resources for these groups. | True |
| Archaeologists | Study fossil remains and items created and used by humans, such as tools, buildings and human fossils. |
| Geologists and geochronologists | Use potassium-argon dating to determine the age of non-living objects and other techniques that help us understand the prehistoric world. |
| Climatologists | Study oxygen isotopes in prehistoric pollen and plankton to learn about weather conditions millions of years ago. |
| Evolutionary biologists | Study DNA to determine relatedness and human migration over time, and use other techniques to learn about human ancestors. |
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