Taxonomy involves the naming and classification of living organisms by increasing specificity. The broadest category is the domain. There are three main domains, Bacteria, Archaea, and Eukarya which have no nucleus and no membrane bound organelles. Bacteria have cell walls containing peptidoglycan and their ribosomal RNA is unique in the cytoplasm. The Eukaryota are single or multicellular organisms that have more complex cells which contain a nucleus. To name organisms, the worldwide nomenclature naming system uses genus and species information.
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Taxonomy is the science of classifying and naming living organisms, organized from broad categories to more specific ones. The three main domains of life are Bacteria, Archaea, and Eukarya.
1. Bacteria: These are prokaryotic organisms, meaning they lack a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles. They have a cell wall made of peptidoglycan and unique ribosomal RNA.
2. Archaea: Also prokaryotic, Archaea often live in extreme environments and have distinct biochemistry from Bacteria, but they also lack nuclei and membrane-bound organelles.
3. Eukarya: These organisms can be single-celled or multicellular and possess more complex cells with a true nucleus and membrane-bound organelles.
The nomenclature system used worldwide for naming organisms is based on their genus and species, ensuring that each organism has a unique scientific name.
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