Which of the following is equivalent to (a − b)²?

The correct answer is d) a² – 2ab + b².

To explain briefly, the expression (a − b)² is a perfect square and can be expanded using the formula (x − y)² = x² − 2xy + y². Here, x = a and y = b.

So, when you apply the formula:

(a − b)² = a² − 2ab + b².

This shows that option d is indeed the equivalent expression. If you need further assistance, feel free to ask!