Which of the following is described as a behavior that violates official law and is punishable through formal sanctions?

The correct answer is C. Crime.

A crime is defined as a behavior that violates official laws and is punishable by formal sanctions such as fines, imprisonment, or community service. Unlike deviance, which refers to behavior that diverges from social norms but may not necessarily be illegal, crime involves a breach of the law. Social control, on the other hand, refers to the mechanisms, strategies, and institutions that societies use to regulate individual behavior and maintain social order.

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