In this part of the selection, the word “ingrained” is closest in meaning to

The closest meaning of the word “ingrained” in this context is:

B established.

Explanation: “Ingrained” refers to something that is deeply embedded or firmly established in someone’s mind or character. It suggests that an idea, habit, or belief is so established that it is difficult to change. The other options do not convey this sense of permanence or deep-rootedness.