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What name is given to this process?
To view the animation, click here. Then click on the image to start the animation.
A) gametogenesis
B) sexual reproduction
C)meiosis
D) asexual reproduction
E) fertilization
Asexual reproduction
Gametes are produced by _____.
1) meiosis
2) fertilization
3) mitosis
4) the cell cycle
5) asexual reproduction
Meiosis
Normal human gametes carry _____ chromosomes.
1) 23 pairs of
2) 5
3) 23
4) 46 pairs of
5) 46
23
Which of these cells is (are) haploid?
1) C and D
2) A and D
3) B and C
4) D
5) B
C and D
A diploid organism whose somatic (nonsex) cells each contain 32 chromosomes produces gametes containing _____ chromosomes.
1) 16
2) 8
3) 64
4) 30
5) 32
16
Meiosis I produces _____ cells, each of which is _____.
four … diploid
two… diploid
two… identical to the other
four … haploid
two … haploid
two … haploid
Meiosis II typically produces _____ cells, each of which is _____.
four … identical to the other
four … haploid
two … haploid
two… diploid
four … diploid
four … haploid
This animation illustrates the events of _____.
prophase I
telophase II and cytokinesis
anaphase II
prophase II
telophase I and cytokinesis
prophase II
his animation illustrates the events of _____.
anaphase I
anaphase II
prophase II
interphase
telophase I and cytokinesis
anaphase II
This animation illustrates the events of _____.
telophase II and cytokinesis
telophase II
telophase I
telophase I and cytokinesis
telophase and cytokinesis
telophase II and cytokinesis
During _____ sister chromatids separate.
metaphase I
prophase I
prophase II
anaphase II
interphase
anaphase II
This animation illustrates the events of _____.
prophase II and cytokinesis
interphase
telophase I and cytokinesis
telophase II and cytokinesis
telophase and cytokinesis
telophase I and cytokinesis
At the end of _____ and cytokinesis, haploid cells contain chromosomes that each consist of two sister chromatids.
telophase II
metaphase II
telophase I
telophase
interphase
telophase I
This is an animation of _____.
metaphase II
metaphase I
telophase II and cytokinesis
prophase I
prophase II
prophase I
This animation illustrates the events of _____.
anaphase I
interphase
anaphase II
prophase I
metaphase II
metaphase II
This animation illustrates the events of _____.
prophase II
metaphase I
metaphase II
telophase I and cytokinesis
anaphase I
metaphase I
Synapsis occurs during _____.
metaphase II
anaphase II
prophase I
prophase II
telophase I and cytogenesis
prophase I
Homologous chromosomes migrate to opposite poles during _____.
metaphase II
anaphase I
metaphase I
telophase II and cytokinesis
prophase II
anaphase I
During _____ chromosomes align single file along the equator of a haploid cell.
metaphase II
anaphase I
telophase I and cytokinesis
metaphase I
prophase I
metaphase II
This animation illustrates the events of _____.
metaphase II
telophase I and cytokinesis
prophase II
prophase I
anaphase I
anaphase I
At the end of _____ and cytokinesis there are four haploid cells.
prophase II
telophase II
prophase I
interphase
anaphase I
telophase II
During _____ a spindle forms in a haploid cell.
anaphase II
prophase II
telophase I and cytokinesis
prophase I
metaphase II
prophase II
This animation illustrates _____.
prophase II
prophase I
interphase
anaphase II
anaphase I
interphase
This animation illustrates the process of _____.
cytokinesis
random fertilization
crossing over
centromere separation
karyokinesis
crossing over
Which of these gametes contains one or more recombinant chromosomes?
B and C
D and E
A and B
A and D
A and C
B and C
Meiosis starts with a single diploid cell and produces
two haploid cells.
four haploid cells.
eight haploid cells.
four diploid cells.
two diploid cells
four haploid cells.
A cell preparing to undergo meiosis duplicates its chromosomes during
anaphase I.
prophase I.
meiosis II.
metaphase I.
interphase.
interphase.
During prophase I of meiosis,
the homologous chromosomes separate and move towards opposite poles.
homologous chromosomes stick together in pairs.
chromosome pairs are positioned in the middle of the cell.
there are four haploid daughter cells.
there are two daughter cells, each with 23 chromosomes.
homologous chromosomes stick together in pairs.
The correct order of events during meiosis is
prophase I, metaphase I, anaphase I, telophase I, cytokinesis, meiosis II.
prophase I, anaphase I, metaphase I, telophase I, meiosis II, cytokinesis.
prophase I, anaphase I, telophase I, metaphase I, meiosis II.
metaphase I, prophase I, telophase I, anaphase I, cytokinesis, meiosis II.
metaphase I, prophase I, anaphase I, telophase I, cytokinesis, meiosis II.
prophase I, metaphase I, anaphase I, telophase I, cytokinesis, meiosis II.
During meiosis, segments of nonsister chromatids can trade places. This recombination of maternal and paternal genetic material is a key feature of meiosis. During what phase of meiosis does recombination occur?
telophase I.
anaphase I.
prophase I.
meiosis II.
Metaphase I.
prophase I.
Sexual reproduction requires the cellular process of __________ followed by __________.
mitosis … gamete formation
mitosis … meiosis
meiosis … fertilization
mitosis … fertilization
meiosis … fertilization
Meiosis and cytokinesis result in the formation of __________.
four diploid cells
four haploid cells
two diploid cells
two haploid cells
four haploid cells
The process of meiosis accomplishes which of the following?
It provides eight haploid gametes and can eliminate chromosomes.
It allows genetic exchange and eliminates the formation of haploid cells.
It produces four haploid cells and allows exchange of genetic material between homologous chromosomes.
It provides for formation of four haploid cells and reduces the need for sister chromatids.
It produces four haploid cells and allows exchange of genetic material between homologous chromosomes.
Which of the following statements is correct?
The sperm and egg have twice as many chromosomes as the parental cells.
Asexual reproduction requires the production of eggs and sperm.
Meiosis results in gametes that are used in reproduction.
Geneticists use the terms “son” and “daughter” to distinguish between cells resulting from cell division.
Meiosis results in gametes that are used in reproduction.
Ordinary cell division produces two daughter cells that are genetically identical. This type of cell division is important for all of the following functions EXCEPT
growth of a multicellular organism.
production of sperm and eggs.
cell replacement.
asexual reproduction.
production of sperm and eggs.
Sexual reproduction in humans ________.
produces a haploid individual
produces an individual with 23 chromosomes
allows a haploid sperm cell to fertilize a haploid egg cell
combines two diploid gametes, producing a zygote
allows a haploid sperm cell to fertilize a haploid egg cell
Which of the following is a characteristic seen in prophase I that does NOT occur in prophase II?
Crossing over occurs.
Chromosomes move to the middle of the cell.
The number of chromosomes doubles.
Spindle formation occurs.
Crossing over occurs.
One difference between mitosis and meiosis is ________.
mitosis requires only one parent cell, but meiosis requires two parent cells
mitosis produces cells genetically identical to the parent cell, but meiosis does not
mitosis produces more daughter cells for each division than meiosis
mitosis produces haploid cells, but meiosis produces diploid cells
mitosis produces cells genetically identical to the parent cell, but meiosis does not
What chromosomes belong to a typical human male?
44 autosomes and two Y chromosomes
44 autosomes, one X chromosome, and one Y chromosome
22 autosomes and two Y chromosomes
46 autosomes, one X chromosome, and one Y chromosome
During metaphase I, ______.
the nuclear envelope breaks up
crossing over occurs
sister chromatids separate and migrate to opposite poles
homologous chromosomes line up in the middle of the cell
homologous chromosomes line up in the middle of the cell
Gametes are produced by _____________.
Meiosis
Normal human gametes carry _____ chromosomes.
23
Once Meiosis I is completed, all the cells are
Haploid
A diploid organism whose somatic (nonsex) cells each contain 32 chromosomes produces gametes containing _____ chromosomes.
16
Meiosis II begins with 2 _________ cells
Haploid
Meiosis I produces _____ cells, each of which is _____.
two, halpoid
Meiosis II typically produces _____ cells, each of which is _____.
four, haploid
During _____ sister chromatids separate.
Anaphase II
At the end of _____ and cytokinesis, haploid cells contain chromosomes that each consist of two sister chromatids.
Telophase I
Homologous chromosomes pair during _________
Prophase I
Synapsis occurs during _____.
Prophase I
Homologous chromosomes migrate to opposite poles during _____.
Anaphase I
During _____ chromosomes align single file along the equator of a haploid cell.
Metaphase II
During _____ a spindle forms in a haploid cell.
Prophase II
A human somatic cell contains _____
44 autosomes and 2 sex chromosomes
In alternation of generations, the diploid stage of a plant that follows fertilization is the _____.
sporophyte
Mitosis results in the formation of _____
two diploid cells
Meiosis results in the formation of ______
two haploid cells
Crossing over is _____.
the exchange of homologous portions of nonsister chromatids
Genetic variation occurs when chromosomes are shuffled in _____ and fertilization.
Meiosis
What is the Haploid Number?
23
Diploid number is ______
46
What is the result of meiosis
one set of chromosomes in each gamete
Casmata
where they cross over
What are the only haploid cells in animals
Gametes
Sporophyte makes haploid ________ by meiosis
spores
Each spore grows by mitosis into a haploid organism by called a ________
gametophyte
Fertilization of gametes results in a ____________
diploid sporophyte
The zygote produces haploid cells by ________
meiosis
Only ______ cells can go through meiosis
diploid
The two cell divisions result in ________ daughter cells, rather than _________ daughter cells in mitosis
4,2
Each daughter cells has _______ as many chromosomes as the parent cell
half
What happens during the first stage of Meiosis
homologous chromosomes seperate
What is reductional division?
meiosis one results in 2 haploid daughter cells
What is equational division
Meiosis II results in 4 haploid daughter cells with UNREPLICATED chromosomes
When does synapsis occur
Prophase I
What is a chiasmate?
where the x-shaped regions where crossing over occured
Are the two sister chromatids gentically similar during Metaphase II
no!
What are cohesions?
protein complexes
What are alleles
mutations of genes
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